Likolobe tsa leoatle, tseo hape li bitsoang likolopata tsa leoatle, li fetile mahlomola a tlhaho, ho phahama le ho timetsoa ha mefuta e meng e kang li-dinosaurs, empa hona joale e tobane le ho timela ho tloha liphoofolong tsa tsona tse khōlō: motho.
Ho na le mefuta e supileng ea mefuta e mengata ea marine lefatšeng ka bophara, kaofela ha eona e arolelana mekhoa le litšoaneleho tsa bophelo bo tšoanang, le hoja likarolo li hlakile.
Mefuta e ngotsoeng ka tlase e nang le sebete ke e fumanoang Latin America.
Tšimo ea bona e tsoa Amerika Bohareng, haufi le mabōpo a futhumetseng a Pacific le a Caribbean ho ea fihla Atlantic ho ea fihla karolong e ka boroa ea Brazil le Uruguay. Ho na le litlhapi tse tala sebakeng sa lihlekehlekeng tsa Galapagos, empa u se ke ua li ferekanya ka likoloi tse khōlō.
Ho na le boiteko ba tšireletso le tlhokomelo ea ho sireletsa linonyana. Uruguay, morero oa Karumbé o 'nile oa shebella libaka tse peli tsa ho iphelisa le tsa nts'etsopele ea litlhapi tse ngata tsa tala (Chelonia mydas) ka lilemo tse hlano. Panama, Lebōpo la Chiriquí, Project ea Panama Hawksbill Tracking ke karolo ea Caribbean Conservation Corporation le Sea Turtle Survival League.
Mefuta e meraro ho tse supileng e kotsing e kholo:
- Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Hawksbill - e bitsoa hlooho ea eona e moqotetsane le molomo o kang oa hawk.Lebitso la saense: Eretmochelys imbricata
Tlhaloso: Hawksbill ke e 'ngoe ea likotopo tse nyenyane tsa leoatle. Hlooho e moqotetsane 'me e na le lipara tse peli tsa prefrontal sekala (sekala ka pel'a mahlo a sona). Jaw ha e se serrated. Carapace ke bony ntle le lithaba 'me e e-na le lits'oants'o tse kholo, tse holimo-ngata tse teng hona joale le tse 4 tsa lateral. Carapace e na le sebōpeho se hlollang. Lipalesa li na le likheo tse peli. Carapace ke lamunu, e sootho kapa e mosehla le mahlaseli a mangata a mangata a sootho a nang le marotholi a lerootho.
Boholo: Batho ba baholo ba bolelele ba lik'hilograma tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo ka bolelele ba li-carapace (cm 76-91).
Boima ba 'mele: Batho ba baholo ba ka boima ka lik'hilograma tse 40 ho ea ho tse 60.
Lijo: Mohlooho o moqotetsane oa maqeba oa hawksbill o bōpehileng joaloka molomo o lumella hore o fumane lijo ho tsoa mekoting ea likorale tsa coral. Ba ja liponche, anemone, squid le shrimp.
Sebaka: Ka tloaelo se fumanoe libakeng tsa leoatle, libaka tse majoe, libaka tsa majoe le majoe.
Sehlaha: Sehlaha ka nako ea lilemo tse 2, 3, kapa ho feta. Litlhapi pakeng tsa makhetlo a 2 ho isa ho a mane ka nako. Ka kakaretso mahe a 160 sehlaheng ka seng. Lihe li kenngoa ka matsatsi a ka bang 60.
Boemo: Liholo tse ngata tsa tropike tsa maqhubu a leoatle. Metsi a tropike le a mangata a linaheng tsa Atlantic, Pacific le Maoatle a Maindia. "
Tlhahisoleseding ka lebaka la Hawksbill Turtles.
- Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea)
"Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Leatherback - e bitsoa khetla ea eona e ikhethang e entsoeng ka lesela la letlalo le tšesaane, le thata, le nang le rubber, le matlafalitsoeng ke lipoleiti tse nyenyane tsa masapo tse etsang hore li shebahale eka ke" letlalo ".
Lebitso la saense: Dermochelys coriacea
Tlhaloso: Hlooho e na le lehare le ka holimo-lekanngoa le nang le li-cusps tse peli. Leatherback ke eona feela turtle ea leoatle e se nang shell e thata. Setopo sa sona se se seholo, se lekanngoe ebile se feto-fetoha le litoropo tse 7 tse khethollang bolelele ba phoofolo. E entsoe ka lesela la letlalo le tšesaane, le thata, le nang le rubber, le matlafalitsoeng ke lipoleiti tse nyane tsa masapo, carapace ha e na sekala, haese ka mahlaku. Metsuoa eohle ha e na majoe. Carapace e na le bohlooho bo bosoeu kapa bo batsho bo nang le matheba a masoeu, ha lesela le phatsima le le letšo 'me le tšoauoa ka litoropo tse 5. Li-hatchlings li na le liphahlo tse tšoeu holim'a carapace.
Boima ba limithara tse 121 ho isa ho tse 183. Sekoahelo se seholo ka ho fetisisa se kileng sa tlalehoa se ne se le bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 305 ho tloha tlhōrōng ea molomo oa sona ho ea fihla tlhōrōng ea mohatla oa sona 'me e le boima ba lik'hilograma tse 916.
Boima ba 'mele: lik'hilograma tse 250 ho isa ho tse 7 000.
Lijo: Li-leatherbacks li na le mehare e thata, e kang mokokotlo. Mehlahare ea bona e ne e tla senyeha ke ntho leha e le efe ntle le ho ja liphoofolo tse bonolo, ka hona li fepa feela jellyfish. Ho hlolla hore ebe phoofolo ena e kholo, e sebetsang e ka pholoha ha ho jeoa ke jellyfish, e entsoeng boholo ba metsi le ho bonahala e le mohloli o futsanehileng oa limatlafatsi.
Habitat: Haholo-holo e fumanoa lebōpong la leoatle, ho ea fihla karolong e ka leboea ho Alaska le libakeng tse ka boroa ho elella karolong e ka boroa ea Afrika, le hoja lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao tsa lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore litlhapi tsa letlalo li fepa libakeng tse lebōpong la leoatle. Tse tsejoang hore li sebetsa ka metsing ka tlase ho likhato tse 40 tsa Fahrenheit, sehahabi se le seng se tsejoang hore se lule se le mafolofolo mocheso o tlase joalo.
Nesting: Sehlaha ka nako ea nako ea lilemo tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo, le hoja lipatlisiso tsa morao tjena li bontšitse hore li ka sehlaha selemo se seng le se seng. Lipalesa pakeng tsa makhetlo a 6 ho isa ho a 9 ka nako, ka karolelano matsatsi a 10 pakeng tsa lihlaha. Ka karolelano mahe a mane a nontšitsoeng, boholo ba libolo tsa billiard, le mahe a mahlano a 30 a sa sebelisoang, sehlaheng ka seng. Lihe li kenngoa ka matsatsi a ka bang 65. Ho fapana le mefuta e meng ea likotopo tsa leoatle, basali ba leatherback ba ka fetola lihlaha, ha ba ntse ba lula sebakeng se le seng.
Boemo: Boholo ba likolopo tsa leoatle li ajoa haholo. E fumanoa lefatšeng ka bophara e nang le libaka tse kholo ka leboea le tse ka boroa ho tse ling tsohle tsa leoatle. Kaha leatherback e na le sebōpeho sa 'mele le setopo se matla, se ka khona ho sesa likete tse likete tse likete ho ea fihla leoatleng le bulehileng. "
Boitsebiso ka lebaka la Leatherback Turtles.
- Kemp's Ridley (Lepidochelys kempii)
"Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Ridley ea Kemp e bitsoang Richard Kemp, ea ileng a thusa ho fumana le ho ithuta tlelapo. Ha ho na motho ea tsebang hore na ke hobane'ng ha e bitsoa ridley, mohlomong ka lebaka la ho ba le liaparo tse tšoanang le tsa lifate tsa mohloaare.Lebitso la saense: Lepidochelys kempii
Tlhaloso: Hlooho e leka-lekana 'me e tharo e nyenyane ka boholo. Carapace ke bony ntle le litoropo 'me e na le litsebe tse kholo, tse sa tlatlapeng (sekala) se teng hona joale. Carapace e na le 5 lateral scutes 'me e tletse haholo. Li-flippers tse ka pele li na le claw e le 'ngoe, ha sebapali se ka morao se na le likhahla tse 1 kapa tse peli. Batho ba baholo ba na le carapace e bofubelu bo bosoeu bo botala bo nang le plastron e tšoeu kapa e mosehla, athe li-hatchlings li na le li-black.
Boholo: Batho ba baholo ba ka ba bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 65 ka bolelele ba carapace.
Boima ba 'mele: Batho ba baholo ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 35 ho ea ho tse 100.
Lijo: E-ba le melahare e matla e ba thusang ho pshatla le ho sila likhaba, ho khutsisa, li-mussels le shrimp. Ba rata ho ja litlhapi, li-urchins tsa leoatle, squid le jellyfish.
Habitat: Khetha libaka tse sa tebang tse nang le bottoms ka lehlabathe le seretse.
Sehlaha: Sehlaha sa ridleys sa Kemp hangata ho feta mefuta e meng, lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 1/2 ka karolelano. Li boetse li se li jele lihlahisoa tse nang le li-synthronized tse bitsoang arribadas (Sepanishe bakeng sa "ho fihla"). Ke sefate sa mohloaare feela se nang le litsela tsena. Sehlaha sa ridley sa Kemp 2 - makhetlo a mararo ka nako. Ba beha mahe a lekanang ka mahe a 110 sehlaheng se seng le se seng 'me mahe a qeta matsatsi a ka bang 55.
Boemo: Batho ba baholo ha ba khone ho fihla Koung ea Mexico. Liphoofolo li na le lipakeng tsa libaka tse chesang tse mongobo le tse nang le maemo a matle a lebōpong la leoatle ka leboea-bophirimela ho Leoatle la Atlantic 'me li ka fumanoa le ho theosa le lebōpo le ka bochabela la United States.
Tsebiso ka Kemp Ridley Turtles.
Tse tharo li kotsing:
- Loggerhead (Caretta caretta)
Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Loggerhead - e bitsoa hlooho ea eona e ikhethang.Lebitso la saense: Caretta caretta
Tlhaloso: Hlooho e kholo haholo ka mehlahare e matla. Carapace ke bony ntle le litoropo 'me e na le kholo, e sa tlatlapeng, litsebe tse sehlōhō (likalo) tse teng ka 5 lateral sekoli. Carapace e bōpehile ka pelo Mapolanka a pele a khutšoanyane 'me a teteaneng ka melapo e mabeli. Ha li-flippers tse ka morao li ka ba le likheo tse peli kapa tse 3. Carapace ke e bofubelu bo bofubelu le plastron e mosehla. Li-hatchlings li na le li-carapace tse bosoeu tse nang le mongobo o moputsoa o mosoeu ka margins.
Boholo: Ka tloaelo bolelele ba 2,5 ho isa ho 3.5 ka bolelele ba lik'hafate (73-107 cm).
Boima: Motho e moholo o boima ba lik'hilograma tse 159.
Lijo: Ka ho khetheha li ja haholo 'me li fepa boholo ba li-shellfish tse phelang tlaase ho leoatle. Ba ja maqeba a horseshoe, li-clams, mussels le likokoanyana tse ling. Matšoao a bona a mahlahahlaha a matla a ba thusa hore ba pshatle habonolo shellfish habonolo.
Sebaka: Khetha ho fepa libakeng tse lebōpong la leoatle le libakeng tsa majoe a leoatle, hammoho le metsing a sa tebang mahlaeng a khabane a Atlantic, Pacific le Indian Ocean.
Sehlaha: Sehlaha ka nako ea lilemo tse 2, 3, kapa ho feta. Li robala lihlahisoa tse 4 ho isa ho tse 7 ka nako, li arohane ka matsatsi a 12 ho isa ho a 14. Karole ea mahe a pakeng tsa mahe a 100 ho ea 126 sehlaheng ka seng. Lihe li kenngoa ka matsatsi a ka bang 60.
Boemo: Bo fumanoa metsing a mangata a futhumetseng le a mongobo lefatšeng ka bophara. "
Tsebiso ka Loggerhead Turtles.
- Olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea)
"Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Olive ea ridley - e bitsoa khetla e mebala e mebala e mebala ea mohloaareLebitso la saense: Lepidochelys olivaceaf
Tlhaloso: Hlooho e nyenyane haholo. Carapace ke bony ntle le lithaba 'me e na le litseko tse kholo (sekala) se teng hona joale. Carapace e na le likhoeli tse tšeletseng kapa tse fetang tse latelang 'me e batla e le selikalikoe ebile e boreleli. 'Mele oa oona o tebile ho feta Kemp's Ridley leoatleng la leoatle. Lithapa tse peli tse ka morao le tse ka morao li na le melapo e le 1 kapa 2 e bonahalang. Ka linako tse ling ho na le claw e eketsehileng holim'a mapolanka a pele. Lihlahisoa ke mashala a mongobo ka 'mala, ha batho ba baholo e le bohlooho bo botala bo botala. Li-hatchlings li ntšo ha li na le mahlakoreng a tala.
Boholo: Batho ba baholo ba bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 62 ho isa ho tse 70 ka bolelele ba carapace.
Boima ba 'mele: Batho ba baholo ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 35 ho ea ho tse 100.
Lijo tse matla: E-ba le melahare e matla e lumellehang ho ja lijo tsa majoe a mangata (li-shrimp & crabs), li-mollusks, li-tunicates, tlhapi, mahlaba le shrimp.
Sebaka: Hangata se fumanoa libakeng tse lebōpong la leoatle le libakeng tse ling tsa leoatle, empa li ka ba le maoatle haholo ka likarolong tse ling tsa eona. Li atisa ho theola lebōpo ka metsing a ka holim'a metsi kapa ho theohela bohōleng ba limithara tse 150 ho fepa ka tlas'a mekotla ea tlase ea bolulo.
Nesting: sehlaha selemo le selemo ho arribadas. Lihlapa tse peli habeli ka nako. Ka karolelano mahe a fetang 105 sehlaheng ka seng. Lihe li kenngoa ka matsatsi a ka bang 55. Ka karolelano boholo ba clutch ke mahe a fetang 110 a hlokang nako ea ho qeta letsatsi ka 52 ho isa ho 58.
Boemo ba: Ridley ea mohloaare e na le metsi a chesang a mongobo le a mongobo oa Pacific, Maindia le Maoatle a Leoatle. "
Tsebiso ka Olive Ridley Turtles.
- Green (Chelonia mydas)
"Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Tsela e tloaelehileng ea leoatle ea leoatle-e bitsoang 'mala o motala oa mafura tlas'a khetla ea eona. (Libakeng tse ling, toropo ea Pacific e boetse e bitsoa letšoao la leoatle le letšo.)Lebitso la Saense: Chelonia mydas
Tlhaloso: Li khetholleha habonolo ho tse ling tsa likotopo tsa leoatle hobane li na le likhara tse peli tsa prefrontal (sekala ka pel'a mahlo a sona), ho e-na le lipara tse peli tse kang likotopo tse ling tsa leoatle. Hlooho e nyenyane ebile e sa tšoane le mohlankana oa serrated. Carapace ke bony ntle le litoropo 'me e na le litsebe tse kholo, tse sa tlatlapuoeng, tse lekanang le tsona tse nang le likhaello tse 4 feela tsa lateral. 'Mele o batla e le ovalle' me o tepeletse maikutlo (o otlolohile) o bapisoa le litlhapi tse tala tsa Pacific. Liplipe tsohle li na le claw e bonahalang e 1. Mbala ea carapace e fapana ho tloha ho palesa ho ea ho e lefifi le e tala le e hlakileng ho fihlela e le mebala e bosoeu, e sootho le e tala e nang le methapo e khanyang. Pente ena e fapana le makhooa a masoeu, a soeufetseng kapa a mosehla ho Atlantic ho ea lefifi-bluish-botala ho baahi ba Pacific. Li-hatchlings li na le 'mala o mofubelu kapa o motšo o motšo o ka tlaase ka tlaase le mebala e meholo e meholo.
Ha ho bapisoa, turtle e khōlō ea Pacific (aka Aka Sea Sea Turtle) e na le 'mele o phahameng kapa o pota-potileng' me o shebahala ka tlaase ho ponahalo ho feta litlhapi tse ling tsa leoatle tse tala. Mmala ke moo o bonang phapang e kholohali le meroho ea Pacific e nang le bohlooho bo bofubelu ho ea carapace e ntšo 'me li-hatchlings li na le' mala o mosoeu kapa o motšo o nang le moeli o moqotetsane o mosoeu le tlaase ka tlaase.
Boholo: Batho ba baholo ba bolelele ba lik'hilograma tse tharo ho isa ho tse 4 (76-91 cm). Tlhapi e tala ke eona e kholo ka ho fetisisa malapeng a Cheloniidae. Sekepe se seholo ka ho fetisisa se kileng sa fumanoa se ne se le bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 152 le lik'hilograma tse 395.
Boima: Motho e moholo o lekanya lik'hilograma tse 300 ho ea ho tse 400 (lik'hilograma tse 136-180).
Lijo: Liphetoho haholo nakong ea bophelo ba eona. Ha bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 8 ho isa ho tse 10 li ja liboko, li-crustaceans tse nyenyane, likokoanyana tsa metsing, joang le algae. Hang ha li-turtle tse tala li fihla bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 8 ho isa ho tse 10, boholo ba tsona li ja joang le leoatleng, e leng sekepe se le seng feela sa leoatle se thata haholo ha se le motho e moholo. Mehlahare ea bona e na le serrated e ntle e ba thusang ho senya limela.
Sebaka: Haholo lula haufi le lebōpo le lihlekehlekeng tse haufi le moo u lulang libakeng tse sirelelitsoeng le libaka tse sirelelitsoeng, haholo-holo libakeng tse nang le libethe tsa limela. Hangata li bonts'oa leoatleng le bulehileng.
Sehlaha: Sehlaha sa litlhapi tse tala lilemong tse peli, tse tharo kapa ho feta, tse nang le ho fetoha ha selemo le selemo ho palo ea basali ba nang le sehlaha. Litlhapi pakeng tsa makhetlo a 3 ho isa ho a 5 ka nako. Beha ka karolelano mahe a 115 sehlaheng ka seng, 'me mahe a qeta matsatsi a ka bang 60 a qeta.
Boemo: Bo fumanoa metsing a mangata a futhumetseng le a mongobo lefatšeng ka bophara. "
Tsebiso ka Green turtles.Mofuta o mong o teng o le mong hoo bokamoso bo sa tsejoeng:
- Flatback (Natator depressus)
"Lebitso le Tloaelehileng: Flatback ea Australia e bitsoa lebitso la eona hobane khetla ea eona e bataletse.Lebitso la saense: Natator depressus
Tlhaloso: Hlooho e na le likhara tse peli tsa prefrontal (sekala ka pel'a mahlo a sona). Carapace ke bony ntle le litoropo 'me e na le litsebe tse kholo, tse sa tlatlapuoeng, tse lekanang le tsona tse nang le likhaello tse 4 feela tsa lateral. Carapace e oval kapa e pota-potile 'me' mele o bataletse haholo. Lipalesa li na le claw e 1. Karolo ea carapace e koahetsoeng 'me e koahetsoe ke litlolo tse ts'oanehileng, tse sa kopanngeng tsa mahlaseli. Carapace ke mohloaare o nang le lithapo tse sootho tse bosoeu le tse tšehla marapong le mapolanka a sootho. Lits'oants'o tsa li-hatchlings li etsa sekhetho se ikhethileng se bofubelu, 'me bohareng ba ntho e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e etsoang ke mohloaare.
Boholo: Batho ba baholo ba ka ba bolelele ba lik'hilograma tse 99 ka bolelele ba limithara tse 3,25.
Boima ba 'mele: Batho ba baholo ba theola lik'hilograma tse 90 ka karolelano.
Lijo: Ho hlakile hore li ja likomkomere tsa leoatle, jellyfish, mollusks, prawns, bryozoans, tse ling tse sa tsebeng letho le li-seaweed.
Sebaka: Khetha ho tsuba metsi a leoatleng, libaka, majoe a leoatleng a leoatle le majoe a mongobo.
Sehlaha: Sehlaha ka makhetlo a mane ka nako. Ka karolelano mahe a 50 a ka ba teng ka nako, empa tsena li le khōlō haholo. Mahe a tsuba ka matsatsi a ka bang 55. Ha linonyana tsena li hlaha, li kholo ho feta mefuta e mengata ea liphoofolo.
Tekanyo: E fokolitsoe haholo. E fumanoa feela metsing a potolohileng Australia le Papua New Guinea e Pacific. "
Tsebo ka lebaka la Flatback Turtles.