Tsamaiso ea bohahlauli, eo ka linako tse ling e bitsoang "bohahlauli ba ghetto," e akarelletsa bohahlauli ho libaka tse futsanehileng, haholo-holo India, Brazil, Kenya le Indonesia. Sepheo sa bohahlauli ba maeto ke ho fa bahahlauli monyetla oa ho bona libaka tseo e seng tsa bahahlauli ba naha kapa motseng.
Histori ea Bohahlauli ba Slum
Le hoja bohahlauli ba marabele bo fumanoe ho tsebahala linaheng tse sa tsoa feta, hase khopolo e ncha.
Bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1800, batho ba ruileng ba London ba ne ba tla ea mahaeng a likete tsa East End. Liketelo tsa pele li qaletsoe tlas'a "lerato," empa lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tse latelang, mokhoa ona o ile oa namela libakeng tsa metse ea US joaloka New York le Chicago. Ka lebaka la tlhokahalo, bahahlauli ba tsamaeang baetapele ba ile ba qapa litsela tsa ho etela libaka tsena tse futsanehileng.
Bohahlauli ba limela, kapa ho bona hore na halofo e 'ngoe e phela joang, e ile ea shoa bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-1900, empa ea boela ea tsebahala Afrika Boroa ka lebaka la khethollo ea khethollo. Leha ho le joalo, bohahlauli bona bo ne bo khannoa ke batho ba Afrika Boroa ba neng ba hateletsoe ba batlang hore lefatše le utloisise mahlomola a bona. Katleho ea lifilimi "Slumdog Millionaire" e ile ea tlisa bofutsana ba India ho ea lefats'eng le bohahlauli ba liphallelo bo ile ba atoloha ho ea metseng e kang Dharavi, lehae le leholo le leholo ho India.
Bahahlauli ba kajeno ba batla phihlelo ea sebele, eseng libaka tsa bahahlauli ba hlatsoitsoeng ba tšoeu tse neng li tumme haholo lilemong tsa bo-1980. Bohahlauli ba litlhapi bo kopana le takatso ena - ho fana ka pono ea lefatse ho feta phihlelo ea bona.
Tšireletseho e amehileng ka Khoebo ea Slum
Joalokaha e le libakeng tsohle tsa bohahlauli, mohahlauli oa bohahlauli o ka sireletseha - kapa che. Ha u khetha leetong la marang-rang, baeti ba lokela ho sebelisa ka thata ho bona hore na leeto le na le tumello efe, le na le botumo bo botle libakeng tsa ho hlahloba le ho latela tataiso ea sebaka.
Ka mohlala, Reality Tours le Travel, tse neng li hlahisoa PBS, li nka batho ba 18 000 maetong a Dharavi, India selemo le selemo.
Liketelo tsena li totobatsa maemo a marang-rang, a kang meaho ea lipetlele, libanka le boikhathollo, le mefokolo ea eona, joalo ka ho haelloa ke bolulo le libaka tsa ho itlhatsoa le limela tsa lithōle. Leeto lena le bontša baeti hore hase bohle ba nang le ntlo ea bohareng, empa seo ha se bolele hore ha ba na bophelo bo thabisang. Ho feta moo, karolo ea 80 lekholong ea likoloi e khutlisetsoa morao ho merero ea ntlafatso ea sechaba.
Ka bomalimabe, lik'hamphani tse ling, tse nang le mabitso a joalo le li-logos, li fana ka "maeto" a sa bonts'eng lipolelo le mekhoa e mebe empa a senya motse. Ha ba phunye chelete ka hara motse, ebang.
Hobane ha ho na tekanyetso ea basebelisi ba lifofane ba etela, bahahlauli ba lokela ho iketsetsa qeto ea hore na khamphani e itseng ea ho etela e sebetsa e le ea molao le ea nang le boikarabelo joalokaha e bolela.
Bohahlauli ba Slum Brazil
Li- favelas tsa Brazil, libaka tseo ho tloaelehileng hore li fumaneha mathōkong a metse e meholo e kang São Paulo, hohela bahahlauli ba 50 000 selemo le selemo. Rio de Janeiro e na le maeto a maholo ka ho fetisisa motseng ofe kapa ofe oa Brazil. Bohahlauli ba marang-rang ba favelas ba Brazil bo khothatsoa ke 'muso oa muso. Liketelo li fana ka monyetla oa ho utloisisa hore libaka tsena tsa maralleng ke metse e meholo, eseng feela mathule a nang le lithethefatsi a bontšoang lifilimi.
Lihlopha tsa maeto a koetlisitsoeng li khanna bahahlauli ho ea ho van le ho fana ka maeto a ho tsamaea ho hlahisa boithabiso ba libaka, litsi tsa sechaba, esita le ho kopana le batho ba lulang moo. Ka kakaretso, ho nka lifoto ho thibetsoe maetong a marang-rang a bolokang tlhompho bakeng sa batho ba lulang moo.
Lipakane tsa 'muso tsa ho etela li-favela li kenyelletsa:
- ho hlalosa moruo oa favela (mosebetsi, boiketlo, maraka a khiriso le ho feta),
- ho totobatsa mekhoa ea mekhoa e metle ea li-favela (lipetlele, mabenkeleng, libanka, feshene le boithabiso),
- likolo tsa ho etela le libaka tsa sechaba,
- merero ea sechaba ea ho etela,
- ho buisana le baahi le ho etela mahae a bona,
- le ho thabela lijo sebakeng sa reschorente sa moo.
Ho tšoenyeha ka Bohahlauli ba Slum
Le hoja Brazil e hlophisitse lenane la eona bakeng sa bohahlauli ba maeto, lintho li ntse li tšoenyeha. Ho sa tsotellehe litaelo le tataiso, bahahlauli ba bang ba nka lifoto ebe ba li arolelana litabeng tsa sechaba.
Ebang e le ea bohlokoa bo ts'oanelang kapa e le ho leka ho kenya leseling lefats'e ho ea mahlomoleng a batho ba lulang matlong, lifoto tsena li ka ntša kotsi ho feta tse ntle. Baeti ba bang ba etela bahahlauli, ba bolela hore maeto a bona a tšehetsa likhoebo tsa lehae ntle le ho khutlisetsa sechaba sechabeng. Leha ho le joalo, ntho e ka sehloohong e amehang ka eona ke hore ha bohahlauli ba marabele bo sa tsamaee hantle, bophelo ba sebele bo ameha.
Bohahlauli bo ikarabellang ba bohahlauli bo itšetlehile ka tataiso ea mmuso, baetapele ba tsamaiso ea boitšoaro le bahahlauli ba nahanelang. Ha tsena li bokana hammoho, bahahlauli ba ka ba le phihlelo e tsitsitseng ea ho tsamaea , ho fumana maikutlo a lefatše ka bophara le sechaba se ka rua molemo.